（24-25高二下·江苏常州·期中）Releasing tiny metal rods (金属棒) into Mars’ atmosphere could warm the planet enough to melt water and support microbial life. Scientists at the University of Chicago aim to find a way to make Mars suitable for humans to live. So it is crucial to raise its surface temperature. Some people have suggested putting mirrors above Mars’ surface or pumping methane (甲) into its atmosphere, but these ideas are difficult to apply because the raw materials required would need to be sent from Earth.
Now, Edwin Kite and his colleagues have found relatively small dust clouds made from iron or aluminium (铝) rods taken from rocks on Mars could warm the planet in a period of a few months or over a decade, depending on how quickly the particles are released. These metal rods could be carried by wind from the surface to Mars’ upper atmosphere, where they would then remain for around a decade, trapping heat from below and allowing more sunlight through.
Kite and his team modeled how the rods responded to light and then fed this information into climate simulations (模拟), which showed that the increase in temperature and pressure would be enough for parts of Mars to sustain liquid water and potentially oxygen-producing bacteria. They also found that this warming would only need the rods to be released at a rate equal to that of water flowing through about 30 garden taps, amounting to a total of 700,000 cubic metres of metal per year to achieve the required warming, or around 1 percent of Earth's metal production.
“According to our plan, we found a surprisingly small amount of engineered dust would be required, much less than the amount of engineered greenhouse gases required if you wanted the same amount of warming,” says Kite. “But it would still be challenging to dig large holes in the ground to collect iron or aluminium from Mars.”
“One uncertainty in the simulations is how the tiny rods might interact with water in Mars’ atmosphere. Water can form a group with the dust and fall back to the surface as rain, reducing the warming,” says Manoj Joshi at the University of East Anglia, UK.
27．What do the scientists at the University of Chicago try to do?
A．To make Mars habitable. B．To change Mars’ landscape.
C．To send raw materials to Mars. D．To find microbial life on Mars.
28．What can the metal rods do?
A．Help clean Mars’ atmosphere. B．Better expose Mars’ surface to the sun.
C．Collect particles from Mars’ rocks. D．Keep Mars’ upper atmosphere cold.
29．What is the difficulty of the plan according to Kite?
A．Sustaining liquid water on Mars’ surface.
B．Mining for needed metal materials on Mars.
C．Producing a large amount of water on lars.
D．Releasing engineered greenhouse gases into Mars’ atmosphere.
30．What is Manoi Joshi’s attitude towards the plan?
A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Serious. D．Unclear.
【答案】27．A 28．B 29．B 30．B
【知识点】天体和宇宙、发明与创造 、说明文
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