（2025·浙江台州·二模）The famous marshmallow test, where children are asked to choose one marshmallow now or two later, may reveal more than willpower. Recent research suggests the ability to delay gratification (满足) could help protect against cognitive (认知) decline. This skill strengthens the brain’s prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for planning and reasoning. Just as regular physical exercise helps maintain muscle strength, regularly practising delayed gratification may help maintain cognitive functions throughout life. Over time, it will definitely build up mental resilience.
Resisting immediate rewards stimulates “cool” controlling strategies in the prefrontal cortex, while giving in to temptation involves emotional decision-making areas. Regular practice of these “cool” strategies contributes to cognitive reserve, which highlights the importance of mental stimulation. This regular practice will potentially delay cognitive decline. It’s not just about willpower, but the ability to plan for the future, which is essential to make healthier lifestyle choices that benefit brain health.
These skills can be developed at any age. While early childhood lays the foundation for delayed gratification, adults can strengthen self-control through consistent practice. Strategies like setting specific goals enhance these abilities. Studies show those who regularly practice self-control tend to maintain better cognitive functions as they age, demonstrating stronger problem-solving skills.
Physical activity matters in this relationship. Research shows that higher physical activity is linked to better cognitive function, especially in older adults. Delaying gratification helps maintain regular exercise habits, creating a positive feedback circle that supports brain health. The more we practice delayed gratification, the more we strengthen our brain’s ability of self-control and protect against future cognitive decline.
To develop these skills, start with small delays and gradually increase the waiting period. Set achievable goals and practice mindfulness to manage emotional urges. It’s never too late to start building cognitive resilience, and the small choices we make today can have a lasting impact on our mental health in the long term.
22．How does the author illustrate delayed gratification in paragraph 1?
A．By defining concepts.
B．By giving descriptions.
C．By making comparisons.
D．By conducting surveys.
23．What’s the function of practicing “cool” controlling strategies regularly?
A．Enhancing cognitive reserve.
B．Arousing emotional awareness.
C．Developing temptation resistance.
D．Boosting willpower performance.
24．How can adults improve their problem-solving skills?
A．By building physical fitness gradually.
B．By exercising self-control consistently.
C．By making feedback circles immediately.
D．By establishing major objectives successfully.
25．What’s the main idea of the text?
A．Delayed gratification benefits brain health.
B．Physical activity increases muscle strength.
C．Waiting period influences cognitive function.
D．Positive mindfulness manages emotional drive.
【答案】22．C 23．A 24．B 25．A
【知识点】说明文、科普知识 、方法/策略
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